Perkin Reaction Generating α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids (cinnamic acid derivatives) in the presence of a weak base from aromatic aldehydes with the anhydrides of aliphatic carboxylic acids is known as the Perkin reaction. An enolate intermediate is made from the anhydride, which undergoes a condensation reaction with benzaldehyde, followed by an...
12
May
NU7441 (KU-57788) as NHEJ Inhibitors Biological Activity NU7441 selectively inhibits DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), a DNA repair enzyme that catalyzes NHEJ, required to repair lethal DSBs. It exhibits ATP-competitive inhibition kinetics, reducing the frequency of NHEJ while increasing the rate of HDR. [1] Target (in cell-free assays) IC50[ 1 ]...
12
May
AZT as HDR Inhibitors Biological Activity Approved by the FDA in 1987,[1] and still used in combination treatment, azidothymidine (AZT) is a thymidine (nucleoside) analogue that is phosphorylated in the host (by enzymes of the thymidine-phosphorylation pathway) to AZT-triphosphate, which inhibits viral (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase activity about 100-fold better than...
12
May
Aphidicolin: Increase HDR via Cell Cycle Synchronization Biological Activity Isolated from the fungus C. aphidicola, aphidicolin is a potent (cell permeable) inhibitor of the B-family of DNA polymerases, (reversibly) arresting replication in eukaryotes, bacteria, and certain animal viruses (SV40, Herpes, Vaccinia) at the G1-S border. Used as a cell synchronization...
12
May
The One-stop Guide to Working with Compressed Gases and Chemicals under Pressure: from Hazard Classification and Leaky Cylinders to Mitigating Risks What are gases and chemicals under pressure? Gases under pressure are those that are contained in a receptable at a pressure of 200 kPa (gauge) or more at 20°C....
12
May
The One-stop Guide to Working with Chemicals that Cause Acute Toxicity: from Hazard Classification to Mitigating Risks What are acutely toxic chemicals? Acutely toxic substances or mixtures are those that cause serious adverse health effects or death upon a single or short-term oral, dermal or inhalation exposure. Numeric acute toxicity...
